"In Samoa, a Samoan Tattoo is pronounced "Tatau" (Tahtau) and what it is in layman's terms is a tattoo that has been etched on to a human body in the traditional and ancient practice for as long as anyone can remember.
All the various patterns and motifs have great significance and these can be interpreted in detail by the Tafuga (tattooist) to the recipient. Family lineage can be identified from this beautiful and skillful art.
The tattoo starts from the lower back, reaches as high as the ribcage underneath of the armpits.
A samoan tattoo (or Tatau) covers the entire buttocks and sides of the torso and travels directly over the groin area. It patterns itself completely over both thighs until it reaches to the back of the knees and over the front of the knees.
The Tatau when seen in public is always in the same format design with the added motifs by the respective artists or "Tafuga" (Tah-foo-gha) that apply it on their subjects.
The Tatau (Samoan Tattoo) will cover approximately 65 % of the body when completed, in one colour and in one overall design.
In Samoa to have a Tatau (or Samoan Tattoo) is like a statement to family, friends and to the village and more importantly to the culture itself, it is worn with pride, honor and respect.
Even to the world outside of Samoa when viewed by onlookers they recognize that these individuals are proud ambassadors of their homeland and culture.
In the old days only the High chiefs and chiefs who were orators were allowed to have a Samoan Tattoo, or Tatau, along with their sons. These sons were the only males who were allowed to serve and witness meetings amongst the chiefs acting as guards and minders. No-one else was permitted near the chiefs while these men with the Tatau were present."-Tattoo Samoan
I watched the traditional tatau artists with their traditional tools-ato au. They were very skilled. Here's some good pictures on Tisa's site.
Here are some links to more photos from the Samoan Newspaper
Day One-Traditional Tattoos
Day Two-Modern Tattoos-Samoan Designs